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One-Time Pads and the Limits of Perfect Secrecy
One-time pads are the classic example of perfect secrecy. They are also the classic example of why perfect secrecy is not the same thing as practical security. This entry explains why the theory is so clean, why the history is so messy, and why the gap between the two shaped modern cryptography.
Declassified / Nsa/historical record/2026-03-31